Basso Continuo and Sustained Bass Instrument Doubling

The Basso Continuo and Sustained Bass Instrument Doubling (AT PITCH) by Joelle Fancher Morton see "Basso Continuo" by Paul O'Dette and Jack Ashworth in Stewart Carter's A Performer's Guide to 17th Century Music Schirmer, 1997
Italy, 1600-1635 Sacred Polyphony (Monteverdi) Sacred Concerto (Viadana, Gabrieli) Solo Song/Monody (Caccini) Villanelle, Canzonette (Kapsberger) Sonatas, Canzonas (Fontana, Castello) Concerted, Madrigal (Monteverdi) Opera (Peri, Monteverdi)	organ organ (+ theorbo) theorbo, harps. guitar, theorbo, harps. organ, theorbo, harps. theorbo, harps., lute, organ harps., organ, theorbo	no bowed bass has own part double bass added occasionally no no no no, except with other string parts no, except with other string parts
Italy, 1635-1665 Liturgical Music (Rovetta, Cazzati) Oratorio (Carissimi) Opera & Cantata in Venice (Cavalli, Cesti) Opera & Cantata in Rome (Landi, Rossi) Sonatas (Uccellini)	organ, theorbo organ, theorbo, harps., lirone theorbo, harps. theorbo, lirone, guitar, harps. organ, harps., theorbo	usually, at pitch to reinforce organ occasionally, in arioso mvmts, for effect occasionally, in arioso mvmts, for effect occasionally, in arioso mvmts, for effect no
Italy, 1665-1700 Mass (A. Scarlatti, Legrenzi) Oratorio, Opera, Cantata Sonata da Chiesa (Corelli) Sonata da Camera (Corelli) Concerto Grosso (Corelli)	organ, theorbo organ, theorbo, harps. organ harps. OR CELLO (chordal) harps., theorbo, organ	yes yes, but only within larger ensembles no possibly, if melodically interesting part has own part, but double bass may be added to ritornelli
England, 1600-1635 Service Music (Gibbons) Masque Song (Ferrabosco, Lawes) Solo Song (Lanier, R. Johnson) String Consort (William Lawes)	organ lute, theorbo, cittern, band., harps lute or theorbo organ, theorbo	no yes no has own part (no double bass)
England, 1635-1665 Ayre & Dialoque (Lawes) String, Consort (Jenkins)	lute, theo. OR BASS VIOL (chordal) organ	no has own part (no double bass)
England, 1665-1700 Service Music (Purcell) Ayre (Purcell, Blow) Theater Music (Locke, Purcell) Chamber Music (Purcell)	organ, theorbo organ, harps., theo OR BASS VIOL harps., guitar, theorbo organ, harps.	yes, at pitch, to reinforce organ yes, bass viol or violone, at pitch has own part no, unless it has a specific part
North Germany, 1600-1635 Sacred Polyphony (Schutz) Religious Polychoral (Praetorius, Schutz) Sacred Concerto (Scheidt, Schutz) String Consort (Schein, Brade)	organ or lute one organ or lute PER choir organ, theorbo lute, spinet, or none	no yes (preferrably violone, at pitch) optional has own part (no double bass)
North Germany, 1635-1665 Sacred Concerto (Schultz, Hammerschmidt) Sacred Polyphony (Schutz) String Consort (Hammerschmidt)	organ, lute, harps. organ or lute lute, spinet, theorbo	optional - both Schutz & Hammerschmidt permit 8' AND 16' bowed bass, if desired no has own part
North Germany, 1665-1700 Church Cantata (Buxtehude) String Consort (Rosenmuller) Chamber Music (Buxtehude)	organ, theorbo harps., organ, theorbo harps.	yes, as desired, both 8' and 16' has own part no
South Germany, 1600-1635 Mass (Priuli, Valentini) Sacred Concerto (Valentini) String Consort (Valentini) Concerted Madrigal (Valentini)	organ organ, theorbo organ, harps., theorbo chitarrone	yes, prob. 8' violone yes, prob. 8' violone has own part ?
South Germany/Austria, 1635-1665 Mass (Schmelzer, Kerll) Oratorio (Bertali, Sances) Opera (Cesti)	organ, theorbo organ, theorbo harps., theorbo	yes, prob. 8' violone yes, prob. 8' violone yes, prob. 8' violone
South Germany/Austria, 1665-1700 Mass (Draghi, Kerll, Biber) Oratorio (Draghi) Theater Music (Draghi, Biber) Chamber Music (Biber, Schmelzer, Muffat)	organ organ, theorbo, harps. harps., theorbo harps.	yes, often fagotto yes yes yes, often many insts!
France, 1600-1635 no basso continuo repertoire until 1647, 1652
France, 1635-1665 Air de Cour (Huygens, Lambert) Motet (du Mont)	theorbo, lute, harps. organ, theorbo	no no
France, 1665-1700 Opera and Ballet (Lully): solo vocal parts and choruses instrumental ensembles Mass, Moted (Lully) Chamber Music (Charpentier, Couperin)	theorbo, harps. no harmonic continuo organ, theorbo theorbo, harps.	yes "bass violin" (cello) has own part yes yes, usually bass viol

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